Installation of GAP on IBM PC compatibles is fairly easy. As already mentioned above, GAP must be installed on a harddisk, because it is too large to be run from floppy disks.
First go to a directory where you want to install GAP, e.g., c:\.
GAP will be installed in a subdirectory gap3r4p4\ of this directory.
You can later move GAP to another location, for example you can first
install it in d:\tmp\ and once it works move it to c:\. In the
following example we assume that you want to install GAP in c:\.
Note that certain parts of the output in the examples should only be
taken as rough outline, especially file sizes and file dates are not to
be taken literally.
Get the GAP distribution onto your IBM PC compatible. One usual way
would be to get the distribution with ftp onto some UNIX workstation
and to download it from there onto your IBM PC compatible, for example
with kermit. Remember that the distribution consists of binary files
and that you must transmit them in binary mode. Another possibility is
that you got a set of floppy disks.
If you get the distribution via ftp, you must get the distribution
gap3r4p4.zoo, the zoo archive extractor unzoo-ibm-i386-msdos.exe,
which is in the subdirectory util and which you should rename to
unzoo.exe, and the executable bin3r4p4-ibm-i386-msdos.zoo, which is
in the subdirectory bin and which you should rename to bin3r4p4.zoo.
You may have to get the latter 2 files from ftp.math.rwth-aachen.de,
because some ftp servers may not keep it. We recommend that you use
unzoo even if you already have zoo on your system, because unzoo
automatically translates text files to the appropriate local format.
If you got the distribution via ftp unpack the executable and the
distribution with the following commands
C: > unzoo -x bin3r4p4.zoo
gap3r4p4\bin\README.DOS -- extracted as text
gap3r4p4\bin\gap.bat -- extracted as text
gap3r4p4\bin\gapdjg.exe -- extracted as binary
C: > unzoo -x gap3r4p4.zoo
gap3r4p4\bin\gap.sh -- extracted as text
gap3r4p4\doc\aboutgap.tex -- extracted as text
gap3r4p4\doc\aggroup.tex -- extracted as text
# about 500 more lines
gap3r4p4\two\twogpd8.grp -- extracted as text
C: >
If you got the executable and the distribution on disks, you must unpack
each of the zoo files separately with commands such as the following
(assuming that your disk drive is A:)
C: > rem Insert the 1. disk.
C: > copy a:\unzoo.exe .
C: > unzoo -x a:\bin3r4p4.zoo
gap3r4p4\bin\README.DOS -- extracted as text
gap3r4p4\bin\gap.bat -- extracted as text
gap3r4p4\bin\gapdjg.exe -- extracted as binary
C: > unzoo -x a:\etc3r4p4.zoo
gap3r4p4\etc\README -- extracted as text
# about 20 more messages
C: > unzoo -x a:\grp3r4p4.zoo
gap3r4p4\grp\basic.grp -- extracted as text
# about 10 more messages
C: > unzoo -x a:\lib3r4p4.zoo
gap3r4p4\lib\abattoir.g -- extracted as text
# about 77 more messages
C: > rem Insert the 2. disk.
C: > unzoo -x a:\doc3r4p4.zoo
gap3r4p4\doc\about.tex -- extracted as text
# about 65 more messages
C: > unzoo -x a:\two3r4p4.zoo
gap3r4p4\two\twogp.grp
# about 25 more messages
C: > unzoo -x a:\thr3r4p4.zoo
gap3r4p4\thr\thrgp.grp
# about 10 more messages
C: > rem Insert the 3. disk.
C: > unzoo -x a:\tbl3r4x1.zoo
gap3r4p4\tbl\ctbalter.tbl
# about 50 more messages
C: > rem Insert the 4. disk.
C: > unzoo -x a:\tbl3r4x2.zoo
gap3r4p4\tbl\ctomonst.tbl
# about 10 more messages
C: > unzoo -x a:\tom3r4p4.zoo
gap3r4p4\tom\tmaltern.tom
# about 10 more messages
C: > unzoo -x a:\src3r4p4.zoo
gap3r4p4\src\Makefile -- extracted as text
# about 60 more messages
C: > rem Insert the 5. disk.
C: > unzoo -x a:\pkg3r4p4.zoo
gap3r4p4\pkg\anupq\MakeLibrary\MakeLibray -- extracted as text
# about 150 more messages
C: >
Instead of using the executable that we provide in bin3r4p4.zoo you can
compile GAP yourself if you have the DJGPP compiler installed. To do
this change into the source directory gap3r4p4\src and compile GAP
with the commands
C: > chdir gap3r4p4\src
C:\GAP3R4P4\SRC > make ibm-i386-msdos-djgpp
gcc -DSYS_IS_MSDOS_DJGPP -DSYS_HAS_STRING_PROTO -DSYS_HAS_STDIO_PROTO\
-DSYS_HAS_MISC_PROTO -c system.c
gcc -O2 -c gap.c
# about 30 more messages
C:\GAP3R4P4\SRC > copy gapdjg.exe ..\bin
C:\GAP3R4P4\SRC > chdir ..\..
C: >
Change into the directory gap3r4p4\bin\ and edit the script gap.bat,
which starts GAP, according to the instructions in this file. Then
copy this script to a directory in your search path, e.g., c:\bin\,
with the commands
C: > chdir gap3r4p4\bin
C:\GAP3R4P4\BIN > edit gap.bat
# edit the script 'gap.bat'
C:\GAP3R4P4\BIN > copy gap.bat c:\bin\gap.bat
C:\GAP3R4P4\BIN > chdir ..\..
C: >
When you later move GAP to another location you must only edit this script.
An alternative possibility is to compile a version of GAP for use
under MS-DOS, on a UNIX system, using a cross-compiler. Cross-compiling
versions of gcc can be found on some FTP archives, or compiled
according to the instructions supplied with the gcc source
distribution.
GAP must sometimes open more than 8 files at once. MS-DOS disallows
this, unless you add the following line to the file config.sys on your
boot drive. You must then reboot for this change to take effect.
files=32
Start GAP and try a few things. Note that GAP has to read most of the library for the fourth statement below, so this takes quite a while. Subsequent definitions of groups will be much faster.
C: > gap -b
gap> 2 * 3 + 4;
10
gap> Factorial( 30 );
265252859812191058636308480000000
gap> Factors( 10^42 + 1 );
[ 29, 101, 281, 9901, 226549, 121499449, 4458192223320340849 ]
gap> m11 := Group((1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11),(3,7,11,8)(4,10,5,6));;
gap> Size( m11 );
7920
gap> Factors( 7920 );
[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 5, 11 ]
gap> Number( ConjugacyClasses( m11 ) );
10
Especially try the command line editing and history facilities, because
the are probably the most machine dependent feature of GAP. Enter a
few commands and then make sure that ctr-P redisplays the last
command, that ctr-E moves the cursor to the end of the line, that
ctr-B moves the cursor back one character, and that ctr-D deletes
single characters. So after entering the above three commands typing
ctr-P ctr-P ctr-E ctr-B
ctr-B ctr-B ctr-B ctr-D 1
should give the following line.
gap> Factors( 7921 );
[ 89, 89 ]
If you have a big version of LaTeX available you may now want to make
a printed copy of the manual. Change into the directory gap3r4p4\doc\
and run LaTeX twice on the source. The first pass with LaTeX
produces the .aux files, which resolve all the cross references. The
second pass produces the final formatted dvi file manual.dvi. This
will take quite a while, since the manual is large. Then print the dvi
file. How you actually print the dvi file produced by LaTeX depends
on the printer you have, the version of LaTeX you have, and whether
you use a TeX-shell or not, so we will not attempt to describe it
here.
C: > chdir gap3r4p4\doc
C:\GAP3R4P4\DOC > latex manual
# about 2000 messages about undefined references
C:\GAP3R4P4\DOC > latex manual
# there should be no warnings this time
C:\GAP3R4P4\DOC > dir manual.dvi
-a--- 4591132 Nov 13 23:29 manual.dvi
C:\GAP3R4P4\DOC > chdir ..\..
C: >
Note that because of the large number of cross references in the manual
you need a big LaTeX to format the GAP manual. If you see the
error message TeX capacity exceeded, you do not have a big LaTeX.
In this case you may also obtain the already formatted dvi file
manual.dvi from the same place where you obtained the rest of the
GAP distribution.
Note that, apart from the *.tex files and the file manual.bib
(bibliography database), which you absolutely need, we supply also the
files manual.toc (table of contents), manual.ind (unsorted index),
manual.idx (sorted index), and manual.bbl (bibliography). If those
files are missing, or if you prefer to do everything yourself, here is
what you will have to do. After the first pass with LaTeX, you will
have preliminary manual.toc and manual.ind files. All the page
numbers are still incorrect, because the do not account for the pages
used by the table of contents itself. Now bibtex manual will create
manual.bbl from manual.bib. After the second pass with LaTeX you
will have a correct manual.toc and manual.ind. makeindex now
produces the sorted index manual.idx from manual.ind. The third pass
with LaTeX incorporates this index into the manual.
C: > chdir gap3r4p4\doc
# about 2000 messages about undefined references
C:\GAP3R4P4\DOC > bibtex manual
# 'bibtex' prints the name of each file it is scanning
C:\GAP3R4P4\DOC > latex manual
# still some messages about undefined citations
C:\GAP3R4P4\DOC > makeindex manual
# 'makeindex' prints some diagnostic output
C:\GAP3R4P4\DOC > latex manual
# there should be no warnings this time
C:\GAP3R4P4\DOC > chdir ..\..
C: >
The full manual is, to put it mildly, now rather long (almost 1600
pages). For this reason, it may be more convenient just to print
selected chapters. This can be done using the \includeonly LaTeX
command, which is present in manual.tex (around line 240), but
commented out. To use this, you must first LaTeX the whole manual as
normal, to obtain the complete set of .aux files and determine the
pages and numbers of all the chapters and sections. After that, you can
edit manual.tex to uncomment the \includeonly command and select the
chapters you want. A good start can be to include only the first chapter,
from the file aboutgap.tex, by editing the line to read
\includeonly{aboutgap}. The next step is to LaTeX the manual again.
This time only the selected chapter(s) and the table of contents and
indices will be processed, producing a shorter dvi file that you can
print by whatever means applies locally.
C:\GAP3R4P4\DOC > latex manual
# many messages about undefined references, 1600 pages output
C:\GAP3R4P4\DOC > edit manual.tex
# edit line 241 to include only 'aboutgap'
C:\GAP3R4P4\DOC > latex manual
# pages 0-196 and 1503-1553 only output no warnings
C:\GAP3R4P4\DOC > dir manual.dvi
-a--- 1291132 Nov 13 23:29 manual.dvi
C:\GAP3R4P4\DOC >
# now print the DVI file in whatever way is appropriate
Thats all, finally you are done. We hope that you will enjoy using GAP. If you have problems, do not hesitate to contact us.
GAP 3.4.4