Here we describe all the non-interactive functions of the ANUPQ
package; i.e. ``one-shot'' functions that invoke the pq
program in such
a way that once GAP has got what it needs, the pq
program is allowed
to exit. It is expected that most of the time users will only need these
functions. The functions interface with three of the four algorithms (see
Chapter Introduction) provided by the ANU pq
C program, and are
mainly grouped according to the algorithm of the pq
program they relate
to.
In Section Computing p-Quotients, we describe the functions that give access to the p-quotient algorithm.
Section Computing Standard Presentations describe functions that give access to the standard presentation algorithm.
Section Testing p-Groups for Isomorphism describe functions that implement an isomorphism test for p-groups using the standard presentation algorithm.
In Section Computing Descendants of a p-Group, we describe functions that give access to the p-group generation algorithm.
To use any of the functions one must have at some stage previously typed:
gap> LoadPackage("anupq");
(the response of which we have omitted; see Loading the ANUPQ Package).
It is strongly recommended that the user try the examples provided. To
save typing there is a PqExample
equivalent for each manual example. We
also suggest that to start with you may find the examples more
instructive if you set the InfoANUPQ
level to 2 (see InfoANUPQ).
Pq(
F :
options ) F
returns for the fp or pc group F, the p-quotient of F specified by
options, as a pc group. Following the colon, options is a selection
of the options from the following list, separated by commas like record
components (see Section function call!with options in the GAP
Reference Manual). As a minimum the user must supply a value for the
Prime
option. Below we list the options recognised by Pq
(see
Chapter ANUPQ options for detailed descriptions).
Prime :=
p
ClassBound :=
n
Exponent :=
n
Relators :=
rels
Metabelian
Identities :=
funcs
GroupName :=
name
OutputLevel :=
n
SetupFile :=
filename
PqWorkspace :=
workspace
Notes: Pq
may also be called with no arguments or one integer
argument, in which case it is being used interactively
(see Pq!interactive); the same options may be used, except that
SetupFile
and PqWorkspace
are ignored by the interactive Pq
function.
See Section Attributes and a Property for fp and pc p-groups for the
attributes and property NuclearRank
, MultiplicatorRank
and
IsCapable
which may be applied to the group returned by Pq
.
See also PqEpimorphism
(PqEpimorphism).
We now give a few examples of the use of Pq
. Except for the addition of
a few comments and the non-suppression of output (by not using duplicated
semicolons) the next 3 examples may be run by typing: PqExample( "Pq"
);
(see PqExample).
gap> LoadPackage("anupq");; # does nothing if ANUPQ is already loaded gap> # First we get a p-quotient of a free group of rank 2 gap> F := FreeGroup("a", "b");; a := F.1;; b := F.2;; gap> Pq( F : Prime := 2, ClassBound := 3 ); <pc group of size 1024 with 10 generators> gap> # Now let us get a p-quotient of an fp group gap> G := F / [a^4, b^4]; <fp group on the generators [ a, b ]> gap> Pq( G : Prime := 2, ClassBound := 3 ); <pc group of size 256 with 8 generators> gap> # Now let's get a different p-quotient of the same group gap> Pq( G : Prime := 2, ClassBound := 3, Exponent := 4 ); <pc group of size 128 with 7 generators> gap> # Now we'll get a p-quotient of another fp group gap> # which we will redo using the `Relators' option gap> R := [ a^25, Comm(Comm(b, a), a), b^5 ]; [ a^25, a^-1*b^-1*a*b*a^-1*b^-1*a^-1*b*a^2, b^5 ] gap> H := F / R; <fp group on the generators [ a, b ]> gap> Pq( H : Prime := 5, ClassBound := 5, Metabelian ); <pc group of size 78125 with 7 generators>
Now we redo the last example to show how one may use the Relators
option. Observe that Comm(Comm(b, a), a)
is a left normed commutator
which must be written in square bracket notation for the pq
program and
embedded in a pair of double quotes. The function PqGAPRelators
(see PqGAPRelators) can be used to translate a list of strings prepared
for the Relators
option into GAP format. Below we use it. Observe
that the value of R
is the same as before.
gap> F := FreeGroup("a", "b");; gap> # `F' was defined for `Relators'. We use the same strings that GAP uses gap> # for printing the free group generators. It is *not* necessary to gap> # predefine: a := F.1; etc. (as it was above). gap> rels := [ "a^25", "[b, a, a]", "b^5" ]; [ "a^25", "[b, a, a]", "b^5" ] gap> R := PqGAPRelators(F, rels); [ a^25, a^-1*b^-1*a*b*a^-1*b^-1*a^-1*b*a^2, b^5 ] gap> H := F / R; <fp group on the generators [ a, b ]> gap> Pq( H : Prime := 5, ClassBound := 5, Metabelian, > Relators := rels ); <pc group of size 78125 with 7 generators>
In fact, above we could have just passed F
(rather than H
), i.e. we
could have done:
gap> F := FreeGroup("a", "b");; gap> rels := [ "a^25", "[b, a, a]", "b^5" ]; [ "a^25", "[b, a, a]", "b^5" ] gap> Pq( F : Prime := 5, ClassBound := 5, Metabelian, > Relators := rels ); <pc group of size 78125 with 7 generators>
The non-interactive Pq
function also allows the options to be passed in
two other ways; these alternatives have been included for those familiar
with the GAP 3 version of the ANUPQ package; the preferred method
of passing options is the one already described. Firstly, they may be
passed in a record as a second argument; note that any boolean options
must be set explicitly e.g.
gap> Pq( H, rec( Prime := 5, ClassBound := 5, Metabelian := true ) ); <pc group of size 78125 with 7 generators>
It is also possible to pass them as extra arguments, where each option name appears as a string followed immediately by its value (if not a boolean option) e.g.
gap> Pq( H, "Prime", 5, "ClassBound", 5, "Metabelian" ); <pc group of size 78125 with 7 generators>
The preceding two examples can be run from GAP via PqExample( "Pq-ni"
);
(see PqExample).
This method of passing options permits abbreviation; the only restriction
is that the abbreviation must be unique. So "Pr"
may be used for
"Prime"
, "Class"
or even just "C"
for "ClassBound"
, etc.
The following example illustrates the use of the option Identities
. We
compute the largest finite Burnside group of exponent 5 that also
satisfies the 3-Engel identity. Each identity is defined by a function
whose arguments correspond to the variables of the identity. The return
value of each of those functions is the identity evaluated on the
arguments of the function.
gap> F := FreeGroup(2); <free group on the generators [ f1, f2 ]> gap> Burnside5 := x->x^5; function( x ) ... end gap> Engel3 := function( x,y ) return PqLeftNormComm( [x,y,y,y] ); end; function( x, y ) ... end gap> Pq( F : Prime := 5, Identities := [ Burnside5, Engel3 ] ); #I Class 1 with 2 generators. #I Class 2 with 3 generators. #I Class 3 with 5 generators. #I Class 3 with 5 generators. <pc group of size 3125 with 5 generators>
The above example can be run from GAP via PqExample( "B5-5-Engel3-Id"
);
(see PqExample).
PqEpimorphism(
F :
options ) F
returns for the fp or pc group F an epimorphism from F onto the
p-quotient of F specified by options; the possible options
options and required option ("Prime"
) are as for Pq
(see Pq).
PqEpimorphism
only differs from Pq
in what it outputs; everything
about what must/may be passed as input to PqEpimorphism
is the same as
for Pq
. The same alternative methods of passing options to the
non-interactive Pq
function are available to the non-interactive
version of PqEpimorphism
.
Notes: PqEpimorphism
may also be called with no arguments or one
integer argument, in which case it is being used interactively
(see PqEpimorphism!interactive), and the options SetupFile
and
PqWorkspace
are ignored by the interactive PqEpimorphism
function.
See Section Attributes and a Property for fp and pc p-groups for the
attributes and property NuclearRank
, MultiplicatorRank
and
IsCapable
which may be applied to the image group of the epimorphism
returned by PqEpimorphism
.
gap> F := FreeGroup (2, "F"); <free group on the generators [ F1, F2 ]> gap> phi := PqEpimorphism( F : Prime := 5, ClassBound := 2 ); [ F1, F2 ] -> [ f1, f2 ] gap> Image( phi ); <pc group of size 3125 with 5 generators>
Typing: PqExample( "PqEpimorphism" );
runs the above example in GAP
(see PqExample).
PqPCover(
F :
options ) F
returns for the fp or pc group F, the p-covering group of the
p-quotient of F specified by options, as a pc group, i.e. the
p-covering group of the p-quotient Pq(
F :
options )
. Thus the
options that PqPCover
accepts are exactly those expected for Pq
(and
hence as a minimum the user must supply a value for the Prime
option;
see Pq for more details), except in the following special case.
If F is already a p-group, in the sense that HasIsPGroup(
F) and
IsPGroup(
F)
is true
, then
Prime
PrimePGroup(
F)
, if not supplied and HasPrimePGroup(
F)
= true
; and
ClassBound
PClassPGroup(
F)
if HasPClassPGroup(
F) = true
if not
supplied, or to the usual default of 63, otherwise.
The same alternative methods of passing options to the non-interactive
Pq
function are available to the non-interactive version of PqPCover
.
We now give a few examples of the use of PqPCover
. These examples are
just a subset of the ones we gave for Pq
(see Pq), except that in
each instance the command Pq
has been replaced with PqPCover
.
Essentially the same examples may be run by typing: PqExample(
"PqPCover" );
(see PqExample).
gap> F := FreeGroup("a", "b");; a := F.1;; b := F.2;; gap> PqPCover( F : Prime := 2, ClassBound := 3 ); <pc group of size 262144 with 18 generators> gap> gap> # Now let's get a p-cover of a p-quotient of an fp group gap> G := F / [a^4, b^4]; <fp group on the generators [ a, b ]> gap> PqPCover( G : Prime := 2, ClassBound := 3 ); <pc group of size 16384 with 14 generators> gap> gap> # Now let's get a p-cover of a different p-quotient of the same group gap> PqPCover( G : Prime := 2, ClassBound := 3, Exponent := 4 ); <pc group of size 8192 with 13 generators> gap> gap> # Now we'll get a p-cover of a p-quotient of another fp group gap> # which we will redo using the `Relators' option gap> R := [ a^25, Comm(Comm(b, a), a), b^5 ]; [ a^25, a^-1*b^-1*a*b*a^-1*b^-1*a^-1*b*a^2, b^5 ] gap> H := F / R; <fp group on the generators [ a, b ]> gap> PqPCover( H : Prime := 5, ClassBound := 5, Metabelian ); <pc group of size 48828125 with 11 generators> gap> gap> # Now we redo the previous example using the `Relators' option gap> F := FreeGroup("a", "b");; gap> rels := [ "a^25", "[b, a, a]", "b^5" ]; [ "a^25", "[b, a, a]", "b^5" ] gap> PqPCover( F : Prime := 5, ClassBound := 5, Metabelian, > Relators := rels ); <pc group of size 48828125 with 11 generators>
PqStandardPresentation(
F :
options ) F
StandardPresentation(
F :
options ) M
return the p-quotient specified by options of the fp or pc p-group F, as an fp group which has a standard presentation. Here options is a selection of the options from the following list (see Chapter ANUPQ options for detailed descriptions). Section Hints and Warnings regarding the use of Options gives some important hints and warnings regarding option usage, and Section function call!with options in the GAP Reference Manual describes their ``record''-like syntax.
Prime :=
p
pQuotient :=
Q
ClassBound :=
n
Exponent :=
n
Metabelian
GroupName :=
name
OutputLevel :=
n
StandardPresentationFile :=
filename
SetupFile :=
filename
PqWorkspace :=
workspace
Unless F is a pc p-group, the user must supply either the option
Prime
or the option pQuotient
(if both Prime
and pQuotient
are
supplied, the prime p is determined by applying PrimePGroup
(see PrimePGroup in the Reference Manual) to the value of
pQuotient
).
The options for PqStandardPresentation
may also be passed in the two
alternative ways described for Pq
(see Pq). StandardPresentation
does not provide these alternative ways of passing options.
Notes:
In contrast to the function Pq
(see Pq) which returns a pc group,
PqStandardPresentation
or StandardPresentation
returns an fp group.
This is because the output is mainly used for isomorphism testing for
which an fp group is enough. However, the presentation is a polycyclic
presentation and if you need to do any further computation with this
group (e.g. to find the order) you can use the function PcGroupFpGroup
(see PcGroupFpGroup in the GAP Reference Manual) to form a pc
group.
If the user does not supply a p-quotient Q via the pQuotient
option
and the prime p is either supplied or F is a pc p-group, then a
p-quotient Q is computed. If the user does supply a p-quotient Q
via the pQuotient
option, the package AutPGrp is called to compute
the automorphism group of Q; an error will occur that asks the user to
install the package AutPGrp if the automorphism group cannot be
computed.
The attributes and property NuclearRank
, MultiplicatorRank
and
IsCapable
are set for the group returned by PqStandardPresentation
or
StandardPresentation
(see Section Attributes and a Property for fp and pc p-groups).
We illustrate the method with the following examples.
gap> F := FreeGroup( "a", "b" );; a := F.1;; b := F.2;; gap> G := F / [a^25, Comm(Comm(b, a), a), b^5]; <fp group on the generators [ a, b ]> gap> S := StandardPresentation( G : Prime := 5, ClassBound := 10 ); <fp group on the generators [ f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6, f7, f8, f9, f10, f11, f12, f13, f14, f15, f16, f17, f18, f19, f20, f21, f22, f23, f24, f25, f26 ]> gap> IsPcGroup( S ); false gap> # if we need to compute with S we should convert it to a pc group gap> Spc := PcGroupFpGroup( S ); <pc group of size 1490116119384765625 with 26 generators> gap> gap> H := F / [ a^625, Comm(Comm(Comm(Comm(b, a), a), a), a)/Comm(b, a)^5, > Comm(Comm(b, a), b), b^625 ];; gap> StandardPresentation( H : Prime := 5, ClassBound := 15, Metabelian ); <fp group on the generators [ f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6, f7, f8, f9, f10, f11, f12, f13, f14, f15, f16, f17, f18, f19, f20 ]> gap> gap> F4 := FreeGroup( "a", "b", "c", "d" );; gap> a := F4.1;; b := F4.2;; c := F4.3;; d := F4.4;; gap> G4 := F4 / [ b^4, b^2 / Comm(Comm (b, a), a), d^16, > a^16 / (c * d), b^8 / (d * c^4) ]; <fp group on the generators [ a, b, c, d ]> gap> K := Pq( G4 : Prime := 2, ClassBound := 1 ); <pc group of size 4 with 2 generators> gap> StandardPresentation( G4 : pQuotient := K, ClassBound := 14 ); <fp group with 53 generators>
Typing: PqExample( "StandardPresentation" );
runs the above example in
GAP (see PqExample).
EpimorphismPqStandardPresentation(
F :
options ) F
EpimorphismStandardPresentation(
F :
options ) M
Each of the above functions accepts the same arguments and options as the
function StandardPresentation
(see StandardPresentation) and returns
an epimorphism from the fp or pc group F onto the finitely presented
group given by a standard presentation, i.e. if S is the standard
presentation computed for the p-quotient of F by
StandardPresentation
then EpimorphismStandardPresentation
returns the
epimorphism from F to the group with presentation S.
Note:
The attributes and property NuclearRank
, MultiplicatorRank
and
IsCapable
are set for the image group of the epimorphism returned by
EpimorphismPqStandardPresentation
or EpimorphismStandardPresentation
(see Section Attributes and a Property for fp and pc p-groups).
We illustrate the function with the following example.
gap> F := FreeGroup(6, "F"); <free group on the generators [ F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 ]> gap> # For printing GAP uses the symbols F1, ... for the generators of F gap> x := F.1;; y := F.2;; z := F.3;; w := F.4;; a := F.5;; b := F.6;; gap> R := [x^3 / w, y^3 / w * a^2 * b^2, w^3 / b, > Comm (y, x) / z, Comm (z, x), Comm (z, y) / a, z^3 ];; gap> Q := F / R; <fp group on the generators [ F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 ]> gap> # For printing GAP also uses the symbols F1, ... for the generators of Q gap> # (the same as used for F) ... but the gen'rs of Q and F are different: gap> GeneratorsOfGroup(F) = GeneratorsOfGroup(Q); false gap> G := Pq( Q : Prime := 3, ClassBound := 3 ); <pc group of size 729 with 6 generators> gap> phi := EpimorphismStandardPresentation( Q : Prime := 3, > ClassBound := 3 ); [ F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 ] -> [ f1*f2^2*f3*f4^2*f5^2, f1*f2*f3*f5, f3^2, f4*f6^2, f5, f6 ] gap> NamesOfComponents(phi); [ "Source", "Range", "MappingGeneratorsImages" ] gap> phi!.Source; # This is the group Q (GAP uses F1, ... for gen'r symbols) <fp group of size infinity on the generators [ F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6 ]> gap> phi!.Range; # This is the group G (GAP uses f1, ... for gen'r symbols) <fp group on the generators [ f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6 ]> gap> AssignGeneratorVariables(G); #I Assigned the global variables [ f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6 ] gap> # Just to see that the images of [F1, ..., F6] do generate G gap> Group([ f1*f2^2*f3, f1*f2*f3*f4*f5^2*f6^2, f3^2, f4, f5, f6 ]) = G; true gap> Size( Image(phi) ); 729
Typing: PqExample( "EpimorphismStandardPresentation" );
runs the above
example in GAP (see PqExample). Note that AssignGeneratorVariables
(see AssignGeneratorVariables) has only been available since
GAP 4.3.
IsPqIsomorphicPGroup(
G,
H ) F
IsIsomorphicPGroup(
G,
H ) M
each return true if G is isomorphic to H, where both G and H must be pc groups of prime power order. These functions compute and compare in GAP the fp groups given by standard presentations for G and H (see StandardPresentation).
gap> G := Group( (1,2,3,4), (1,3) ); Group([ (1,2,3,4), (1,3) ]) gap> P1 := Image( IsomorphismPcGroup( G ) ); Group([ f1, f2, f3 ]) gap> P2 := SmallGroup( 8, 5 ); <pc group of size 8 with 3 generators> gap> IsIsomorphicPGroup( P1, P2 ); false gap> P3 := SmallGroup( 8, 4 ); <pc group of size 8 with 3 generators> gap> IsIsomorphicPGroup( P1, P3 ); false gap> P4 := SmallGroup( 8, 3 ); <pc group of size 8 with 3 generators> gap> IsIsomorphicPGroup( P1, P4 ); true
Typing: PqExample( "IsIsomorphicPGroup" );
runs the above example in
GAP (see PqExample).
PqDescendants(
G :
options ) F
returns, for the pc group G which must be of prime power order with a confluent pc presentation (see IsConfluent!for pc groups in the GAP Reference Manual), a list of descendants (pc groups) of G. Following the colon options a selection of the options listed below should be given, separated by commas like record components (see Section function call!with options in the GAP Reference Manual). See Chapter ANUPQ options for detailed descriptions of the options.
The automorphism group of each descendant D is also computed via a call
to the AutomorphismGroupPGroup
function of the AutPGrp package.
ClassBound :=
n
Relators :=
rels
OrderBound :=
n
StepSize :=
n
, StepSize :=
list
RankInitialSegmentSubgroups :=
n
SpaceEfficient
CapableDescendants
AllDescendants := false
Exponent :=
n
Metabelian
GroupName :=
name
SubList :=
sub
BasicAlgorithm
CustomiseOutput :=
rec
SetupFile :=
filename
PqWorkspace :=
workspace
Notes:
The function PqDescendants
uses the automorphism group of G which it
computes via the package AutPGrp. If this package is not installed an
error may be raised. If the automorphism group of G is insoluble, the
pq
program will call GAP together with the AutPGrp package for
certain orbit-stabilizer calculations. (So, in any case, one should
ensure the AutPGrp package is installed.)
The attributes and property NuclearRank
, MultiplicatorRank
and
IsCapable
are set for each group of the list returned by
PqDescendants
(see Section Attributes and a Property for fp and pc p-groups).
The options options for PqDescendants
may be passed in an alternative
manner to that already described, namely you can pass PqDescendants
a
record as an argument, which contains as entries some (or all) of the
above mentioned. Those parameters which do not occur in the record are
set to their default values.
Note that you cannot set both OrderBound
and StepSize
.
In the first example we compute all descendants of the Klein four group which have exponent-2 class at most 5 and order at most 26.
gap> F := FreeGroup( "a", "b" );; a := F.1;; b := F.2;; gap> G := PcGroupFpGroup( F / [ a^2, b^2, Comm(b, a) ] ); <pc group of size 4 with 2 generators> gap> des := PqDescendants( G : OrderBound := 6, ClassBound := 5 );; gap> Length(des); 83 gap> List(des, Size); [ 8, 8, 8, 16, 16, 16, 32, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 32, 32, 64, 64, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 32, 32, 32, 32, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 32, 32, 32, 32, 32, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64 ] gap> List(des, d -> Length( PCentralSeries( d, 2 ) ) - 1 ); [ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5 ]
Below, we compute all capable descendants of order 27 of the elementary abelian group of order 9.
gap> F := FreeGroup( 2, "g" ); <free group on the generators [ g1, g2 ]> gap> G := PcGroupFpGroup( F / [ F.1^3, F.2^3, Comm(F.1, F.2) ] ); <pc group of size 9 with 2 generators> gap> des := PqDescendants( G : OrderBound := 3, ClassBound := 2, > CapableDescendants ); [ <pc group of size 27 with 3 generators>, <pc group of size 27 with 3 generators> ] gap> List(des, d -> Length( PCentralSeries( d, 3 ) ) - 1 ); [ 2, 2 ] gap> # For comparison let us now compute all descendants gap> PqDescendants( G : OrderBound := 3, ClassBound := 2); [ <pc group of size 27 with 3 generators>, <pc group of size 27 with 3 generators>, <pc group of size 27 with 3 generators> ]
In the third example, we compute all capable descendants of the elementary abelian group of order 52 which have exponent-5 class at most 3, exponent 5, and are metabelian.
gap> F := FreeGroup( 2, "g" );; gap> G := PcGroupFpGroup( F / [ F.1^5, F.2^5, Comm(F.2, F.1) ] ); <pc group of size 25 with 2 generators> gap> des := PqDescendants( G : Metabelian, ClassBound := 3, > Exponent := 5, CapableDescendants ); [ <pc group of size 125 with 3 generators>, <pc group of size 625 with 4 generators>, <pc group of size 3125 with 5 generators> ] gap> List(des, d -> Length( PCentralSeries( d, 5 ) ) - 1 ); [ 2, 3, 3 ] gap> List(des, d -> Length( DerivedSeries( d ) ) ); [ 3, 3, 3 ] gap> List(des, d -> Maximum( List( Elements(d), Order ) ) ); [ 5, 5, 5 ]
The examples "PqDescendants-1"
, "PqDescendants-2"
and
"PqDescendants-3"
(in order) are essentially the same as the above
three examples (see PqExample).
PqSupplementInnerAutomorphisms(
D ) F
returns a generating set for a supplement to the inner automorphisms of
D, in the form of a record with fields agAutos
, agOrder
and
glAutos
, as provided by the pq
program. One should be very careful in
using these automorphisms for a descendant calculation.
Note:
In principle there must be a way to use those automorphisms in order to
compute descendants but there does not seem to be a way to hand back
these automorphisms properly to the pq
program.
gap> Q := Pq( FreeGroup(2) : Prime := 3, ClassBound := 1 ); <pc group of size 9 with 2 generators> gap> des := PqDescendants( Q : StepSize := 1 ); [ <pc group of size 27 with 3 generators>, <pc group of size 27 with 3 generators>, <pc group of size 27 with 3 generators> ] gap> S := PqSupplementInnerAutomorphisms( des[3] ); rec( agAutos := [ ], agOrder := [ 3, 2, 2, 2 ], glAutos := [ Pcgs([ f1, f2, f3 ]) -> [ f1*f2^2, f2, f3 ], Pcgs([ f1, f2, f3 ]) -> [ f1^2, f2, f3^2 ], Pcgs([ f1, f2, f3 ]) -> [ f1^2, f2, f3^2 ] ] ) gap> A := AutomorphismGroupPGroup( des[3] ); rec( glAutos := [ ], glOrder := 1, agAutos := [ Pcgs([ f1, f2, f3 ]) -> [ f1^2, f2, f3^2 ], Pcgs([ f1, f2, f3 ]) -> [ f1*f2^2, f2, f3 ], Pcgs([ f1, f2, f3 ]) -> [ f1*f3, f2, f3 ], Pcgs([ f1, f2, f3 ]) -> [ f1, f2*f3, f3 ] ], agOrder := [ 2, 3, 3, 3 ], one := IdentityMapping( <pc group of size 27 with 3 generators> ), group := <pc group of size 27 with 3 generators>, size := 54, glOper := [ ]
The above example may be executed on-line via PqExample(
"PqSupplementInnerAutomorphisms" );
(see PqExample).
Note that by also including PqStart
as a second argument to PqExample
one can see how it is possible, with the aid of PqSetPQuotientToGroup
(see PqSetPQuotientToGroup), to do the equivalent computations with the
interactive versions of Pq
and PqDescendants
and a single pq
process (recall pq
is the name of the external C program).
PqList(
filename [: SubList :=
sub ]) F
reads a file with name filename (a string) and returns the list L of
pc groups (or with option SubList
a sublist of L or a single pc group
in L) defined in that file. If the option SubList
is passed and has
the value sub, then it has the same meaning as for PqDescendants
,
i.e. if sub is an integer then PqList
returns L
[
sub]
;
otherwise, if sub is a list of integers PqList
returns Sublist(
L,
sub )
.
Both PqList
and SavePqList
(see SavePqList) can be used to save and
restore a list of descendants (see PqDescendants).
SavePqList(
filename,
list ) F
writes a list of descendants list to a file with name filename (a string).
SavePqList
and PqList
(see PqList) can be used to save and restore,
respectively, the results of PqDescendants
(see PqDescendants).
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